pthread_mu...r_setrobust(3) Library Functions Manualpthread_mu...r_setrobust(3)
NAME
pthread_mutexattr_getrobust, pthread_mutexattr_setrobust - get and set
the robustness attribute of a mutex attributes object
LIBRARY
POSIX threads library (libpthread, -lpthread)
SYNOPSIS
#include <pthread.h>
int pthread_mutexattr_getrobust(const pthread_mutexattr_t *attr,
int *robustness);
int pthread_mutexattr_setrobust(pthread_mutexattr_t *attr,
int robustness);
Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):
pthread_mutexattr_getrobust(), pthread_mutexattr_setrobust():
_POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200809L
DESCRIPTION
The pthread_mutexattr_getrobust() function places the value of the ro-
bustness attribute of the mutex attributes object referred to by attr in
*robustness. The pthread_mutexattr_setrobust() function sets the value
of the robustness attribute of the mutex attributes object referred to
by attr to the value specified in *robustness.
The robustness attribute specifies the behavior of the mutex when the
owning thread dies without unlocking the mutex. The following values
are valid for robustness:
PTHREAD_MUTEX_STALLED
This is the default value for a mutex attributes object. If a
mutex is initialized with the PTHREAD_MUTEX_STALLED attribute and
its owner dies without unlocking it, the mutex remains locked af-
terwards and any future attempts to call pthread_mutex_lock(3) on
the mutex will block indefinitely.
PTHREAD_MUTEX_ROBUST
If a mutex is initialized with the PTHREAD_MUTEX_ROBUST attribute
and its owner dies without unlocking it, any future attempts to
call pthread_mutex_lock(3) on this mutex will succeed and return
EOWNERDEAD to indicate that the original owner no longer exists
and the mutex is in an inconsistent state. Usually after EOWN-
ERDEAD is returned, the next owner should call pthread_mutex_con-
sistent(3) on the acquired mutex to make it consistent again be-
fore using it any further.
If the next owner unlocks the mutex using pthread_mutex_unlock(3)
before making it consistent, the mutex will be permanently unus-
able and any subsequent attempts to lock it using pthread_mu-
tex_lock(3) will fail with the error ENOTRECOVERABLE. The only
permitted operation on such a mutex is pthread_mutex_destroy(3).
If the next owner terminates before calling pthread_mutex_consis-
tent(3), further pthread_mutex_lock(3) operations on this mutex
will still return EOWNERDEAD.
Note that the attr argument of pthread_mutexattr_getrobust() and
pthread_mutexattr_setrobust() should refer to a mutex attributes object
that was initialized by pthread_mutexattr_init(3), otherwise the behav-
ior is undefined.
RETURN VALUE
On success, these functions return 0. On error, they return a positive
error number.
In the glibc implementation, pthread_mutexattr_getrobust() always return
zero.
ERRORS
EINVAL A value other than PTHREAD_MUTEX_STALLED or PTHREAD_MUTEX_ROBUST
was passed to pthread_mutexattr_setrobust().
VERSIONS
In the Linux implementation, when using process-shared robust mutexes, a
waiting thread also receives the EOWNERDEAD notification if the owner of
a robust mutex performs an execve(2) without first unlocking the mutex.
POSIX.1 does not specify this detail, but the same behavior also occurs
in at least some other implementations.
STANDARDS
POSIX.1-2008.
HISTORY
glibc 2.12. POSIX.1-2008.
Before the addition of pthread_mutexattr_getrobust() and pthread_mutex-
attr_setrobust() to POSIX, glibc defined the following equivalent non-
standard functions if _GNU_SOURCE was defined:
[[deprecated]]
int pthread_mutexattr_getrobust_np(const pthread_mutexattr_t *attr,
int *robustness);
[[deprecated]]
int pthread_mutexattr_setrobust_np(const pthread_mutexattr_t *attr,
int robustness);
Correspondingly, the constants PTHREAD_MUTEX_STALLED_NP and PTHREAD_MU-
TEX_ROBUST_NP were also defined.
These GNU-specific APIs, which first appeared in glibc 2.4, are nowadays
obsolete and should not be used in new programs; since glibc 2.34 these
APIs are marked as deprecated.
EXAMPLES
The program below demonstrates the use of the robustness attribute of a
mutex attributes object. In this program, a thread holding the mutex
dies prematurely without unlocking the mutex. The main thread subse-
quently acquires the mutex successfully and gets the error EOWNERDEAD,
after which it makes the mutex consistent.
The following shell session shows what we see when running this program:
$ ./a.out
[original owner] Setting lock...
[original owner] Locked. Now exiting without unlocking.
[main] Attempting to lock the robust mutex.
[main] pthread_mutex_lock() returned EOWNERDEAD
[main] Now make the mutex consistent
[main] Mutex is now consistent; unlocking
Program source
#include <errno.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define handle_error_en(en, msg) \
do { errno = en; perror(msg); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } while (0)
static pthread_mutex_t mtx;
static void *
original_owner_thread(void *ptr)
{
printf("[original owner] Setting lock...\n");
pthread_mutex_lock(&mtx);
printf("[original owner] Locked. Now exiting without unlocking.\n");
pthread_exit(NULL);
}
int
main(void)
{
pthread_t thr;
pthread_mutexattr_t attr;
int s;
pthread_mutexattr_init(&attr);
pthread_mutexattr_setrobust(&attr, PTHREAD_MUTEX_ROBUST);
pthread_mutex_init(&mtx, &attr);
pthread_create(&thr, NULL, original_owner_thread, NULL);
sleep(2);
/* "original_owner_thread" should have exited by now. */
printf("[main] Attempting to lock the robust mutex.\n");
s = pthread_mutex_lock(&mtx);
if (s == EOWNERDEAD) {
printf("[main] pthread_mutex_lock() returned EOWNERDEAD\n");
printf("[main] Now make the mutex consistent\n");
s = pthread_mutex_consistent(&mtx);
if (s != 0)
handle_error_en(s, "pthread_mutex_consistent");
printf("[main] Mutex is now consistent; unlocking\n");
s = pthread_mutex_unlock(&mtx);
if (s != 0)
handle_error_en(s, "pthread_mutex_unlock");
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
} else if (s == 0) {
printf("[main] pthread_mutex_lock() unexpectedly succeeded\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
} else {
printf("[main] pthread_mutex_lock() unexpectedly failed\n");
handle_error_en(s, "pthread_mutex_lock");
}
}
SEE ALSO
get_robust_list(2), set_robust_list(2), pthread_mutex_consistent(3),
pthread_mutex_init(3), pthread_mutex_lock(3), pthreads(7)
Linux man-pages 6.9.1 2024-06-15 pthread_mu...r_setrobust(3)
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