IP-ADDRESS(8) Linux IP-ADDRESS(8)
NAME
ip-address - protocol address management
SYNOPSIS
ip [ OPTIONS ] address { COMMAND | help }
ip address { add | change | replace } IFADDR dev IFNAME [ LIFETIME ] [
CONFFLAG-LIST ]
ip address delete IFADDR dev IFNAME [ mngtmpaddr ]
ip address { save | flush } [ dev IFNAME ] [ scope SCOPE-ID ] [ metric
METRIC ] [ to PREFIX ] [ FLAG-LIST ] [ label PATTERN ] [ { up |
down } ]
ip address [ show [ dev IFNAME ] [ scope SCOPE-ID ] [ to PREFIX ] [
FLAG-LIST ] [ label PATTERN ] [ master DEVICE ] [ type TYPE ] [
vrf NAME ] [ { up | down } ] [ nomaster ] proto ADDRPROTO ] ]
ip address { showdump | restore }
IFADDR := PREFIX | ADDR peer PREFIX [ broadcast ADDR ] [ anycast ADDR ]
[ label LABEL ] [ scope SCOPE-ID ] [ proto ADDRPROTO ]
SCOPE-ID := [ host | link | global | NUMBER ]
ADDRPROTO := [ NAME | NUMBER ]
FLAG-LIST := [ FLAG-LIST ] FLAG
FLAG := [ [-]permanent | [-]dynamic | [-]secondary | [-]primary |
[-]tentative | [-]deprecated | [-]dadfailed | [-]temporary |
CONFFLAG-LIST ]
CONFFLAG-LIST := [ CONFFLAG-LIST ] CONFFLAG
CONFFLAG := [ home | mngtmpaddr | nodad | optimistic | noprefixroute |
autojoin ]
LIFETIME := [ valid_lft LFT ] [ preferred_lft LFT ]
LFT := [ forever | SECONDS ]
TYPE := [ bridge | bridge_slave | bond | bond_slave | can | dummy | hsr
| ifb | ipoib | macvlan | macvtap | vcan | veth | vlan | vxlan |
ip6tnl | ipip | sit | gre | gretap | erspan | ip6gre | ip6gretap
| ip6erspan | vti | vrf | nlmon | ipvlan | lowpan | geneve |
macsec | netkit ]
DESCRIPTION
The address is a protocol (IPv4 or IPv6) address attached to a network
device. Each device must have at least one address to use the corre-
sponding protocol. It is possible to have several different addresses
attached to one device. These addresses are not discriminated, so that
the term alias is not quite appropriate for them and we do not use it in
this document.
The ip address command displays addresses and their properties, adds new
addresses and deletes old ones.
ip address add - add new protocol address.
dev IFNAME
the name of the device to add the address to.
local ADDRESS (default)
the address of the interface. The format of the address depends
on the protocol. It is a dotted quad for IP and a sequence of
hexadecimal halfwords separated by colons for IPv6. The ADDRESS
may be followed by a slash and a decimal number which encodes the
network prefix length.
peer ADDRESS
the address of the remote endpoint for pointopoint interfaces.
Again, the ADDRESS may be followed by a slash and a decimal num-
ber, encoding the network prefix length. If a peer address is
specified, the local address cannot have a prefix length. The
network prefix is associated with the peer rather than with the
local address.
broadcast ADDRESS
the broadcast address on the interface.
It is possible to use the special symbols '+' and '-' instead of
the broadcast address. In this case, the broadcast address is de-
rived by setting/resetting the host bits of the interface prefix.
label LABEL
Each address may be tagged with a label string. The maximum al-
lowed total length of label is 15 characters.
scope SCOPE_VALUE
the scope of the area where this address is valid. The available
scopes are listed in /usr/share/iproute2/rt_scopes or
/etc/iproute2/rt_scopes (has precedence if exists). Predefined
scope values are:
global - the address is globally valid.
site - (IPv6 only, deprecated) the address is site local,
i.e. it is valid inside this site.
link - the address is link local, i.e. it is valid only
on this device.
host - the address is valid only inside this host.
metric NUMBER
priority of prefix route associated with address.
valid_lft LFT
the valid lifetime of this address; see section 5.5.4 of RFC
4862. When it expires, the address is removed by the kernel. De-
faults to forever.
preferred_lft LFT
the preferred lifetime of this address; see section 5.5.4 of RFC
4862. When it expires, the address is no longer used for new out-
going connections. Defaults to forever.
home (IPv6 only) designates this address the "home address" as defined
in RFC 6275.
mngtmpaddr
(IPv6 only) make the kernel manage temporary addresses created
from this one as template on behalf of Privacy Extensions
(RFC3041). For this to become active, the use_tempaddr sysctl
setting has to be set to a value greater than zero. The given
address needs to have a prefix length of 64. This flag allows to
use privacy extensions in a manually configured network, just
like if stateless auto-configuration was active.
nodad (IPv6 only) do not perform Duplicate Address Detection (RFC 4862)
when adding this address.
optimistic
(IPv6 only) When performing Duplicate Address Detection, use the
RFC 4429 optimistic variant.
noprefixroute
Do not automatically create a route for the network prefix of the
added address, and don't search for one to delete when removing
the address. Changing an address to add this flag will remove the
automatically added prefix route, changing it to remove this flag
will create the prefix route automatically.
autojoin
Joining multicast groups on Ethernet level via ip maddr command
does not work if connected to an Ethernet switch that does IGMP
snooping since the switch would not replicate multicast packets
on ports that did not have IGMP reports for the multicast ad-
dresses.
Linux VXLAN interfaces created via ip link add vxlan have the
group option that enables them to do the required join.
Using the autojoin flag when adding a multicast address enables
similar functionality for Openvswitch VXLAN interfaces as well as
other tunneling mechanisms that need to receive multicast traf-
fic.
proto ADDRPROTO
the protocol identifier of this route. ADDRPROTO may be a number
or a string from the file /usr/share/iproute2/rt_addrprotos or
/etc/iproute2/rt_addrprotos (has precedence if exists). A direc-
tory named rt_addrprotos.d is also scanned in either location.
If the protocol ID is not given,
ip assumes protocol 0. Several protocol values have a fixed in-
terpretation. Namely:
kernel_lo - The ::1 address that kernel installs on a
loopback netdevice has this
protocol value
kernel_ra - IPv6 addresses installed in response to
router advertisement messages
kernel_ll - Link-local addresses have this protocol value
The rest of the values are not reserved and the administrator is
free to assign (or not to assign) protocol tags.
ip address delete - delete protocol address
Arguments: coincide with the arguments of ip address add.
The device name is a required argument.
ip address show - look at protocol addresses
dev IFNAME (default)
name of device.
scope SCOPE_VAL
only list addresses with this scope.
to PREFIX
only list addresses matching this prefix.
label PATTERN
only list addresses with labels matching the PATTERN. PATTERN is
a usual shell style pattern.
master DEVICE
only list interfaces enslaved to this master device.
vrf NAME
only list interfaces enslaved to this vrf.
type TYPE
only list interfaces of the given type.
Note that the type name is not checked against the list of sup-
ported types - instead it is sent as-is to the kernel. Later it
is used to filter the returned interface list by comparing it
with the relevant attribute in case the kernel didn't filter al-
ready. Therefore any string is accepted, but may lead to empty
output.
up only list running interfaces.
down only list not running interfaces.
nomaster
only list interfaces with no master.
dynamic and permanent
(IPv6 only) only list addresses installed due to stateless ad-
dress configuration or only list permanent (not dynamic) ad-
dresses. These two flags are inverses of each other, so -dynamic
is equal to permanent and -permanent is equal to dynamic.
tentative
(IPv6 only) only list addresses which have not yet passed dupli-
cate address detection.
-tentative
(IPv6 only) only list addresses which are not in the process of
duplicate address detection currently.
deprecated
(IPv6 only) only list deprecated addresses.
-deprecated
(IPv6 only) only list addresses not being deprecated.
dadfailed
(IPv6 only) only list addresses which have failed duplicate ad-
dress detection.
-dadfailed
(IPv6 only) only list addresses which have not failed duplicate
address detection.
temporary or secondary
List temporary IPv6 or secondary IPv4 addresses only. The Linux
kernel shares a single bit for those, so they are actually
aliases for each other although the meaning differs depending on
address family.
-temporary or -secondary
These flags are aliases for primary.
primary
List only primary addresses, in IPv6 exclude temporary ones. This
flag is the inverse of temporary and secondary.
-primary
This is an alias for temporary or secondary.
proto ADDRPROTO
Only show addresses with a given protocol, or those for which the
kernel response did not include protocol. See the corresponding
argument to ip address add for details about address protocols.
ip address flush - flush protocol addresses
This command flushes the protocol addresses selected by some criteria.
This command has the same arguments as show except that type and master
selectors are not supported. Another difference is that it does not run
when no arguments are given.
Warning: This command and other flush commands are unforgiving. They
will cruelly purge all the addresses.
With the -statistics option, the command becomes verbose. It prints out
the number of deleted addresses and the number of rounds made to flush
the address list. If this option is given twice, ip address flush also
dumps all the deleted addresses in the format described in the previous
subsection.
EXAMPLES
ip address show
Shows IPv4 and IPv6 addresses assigned to all network interfaces.
The 'show' subcommand can be omitted.
ip address show up
Same as above except that only addresses assigned to active network
interfaces are shown.
ip address show dev eth0
Shows IPv4 and IPv6 addresses assigned to network interface eth0.
ip address add 2001:0db8:85a3::0370:7334/64 dev eth1
Adds an IPv6 address to network interface eth1.
ip address delete 2001:0db8:85a3::0370:7334/64 dev eth1
Delete the IPv6 address added above.
ip address flush dev eth4 scope global
Removes all global IPv4 and IPv6 addresses from device eth4. Without
'scope global' it would remove all addresses including IPv6 link-lo-
cal ones.
SEE ALSO
ip(8)
AUTHOR
Original Manpage by Michail Litvak <mci@owl.openwall.com>
iproute2 20 Dec 2011 IP-ADDRESS(8)
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