IP(8) Linux IP(8)
NAME
ip - show / manipulate routing, network devices, interfaces and tunnels
SYNOPSIS
ip [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help }
ip [ -force ] -batch filename
OBJECT := { address | addrlabel | fou | help | ila | ioam | l2tp | link
| macsec | maddress | monitor | mptcp | mroute | mrule | neigh-
bor | neighbour | netconf | netns | nexthop | ntable | ntbl |
route | rule | sr | tap | tcpmetrics | token | tunnel | tuntap |
vrf | xfrm }
OPTIONS := { -V[ersion] | -h[uman-readable] | -s[tatistics] | -d[etails]
| -r[esolve] | -iec | -f[amily] { inet | inet6 | link } | -4 |
-6 | -B | -0 | -l[oops] { maximum-addr-flush-attempts } | -o[ne-
line] | -rc[vbuf] [size] | -t[imestamp] | -ts[hort] | -n[etns]
name | -N[umeric] | -a[ll] | -c[olor] | -br[ief] | -j[son] |
-p[retty] }
OPTIONS
-V, -Version
Print the version of the ip utility and exit.
-h, -human, -human-readable
output statistics with human readable values followed by suffix.
-b, -batch <FILENAME>
Read commands from provided file or standard input and invoke
them. First failure will cause termination of ip.
-force Don't terminate ip on errors in batch mode. If there were any
errors during execution of the commands, the application return
code will be non zero.
-s, -stats, -statistics
Output more information. If the option appears twice or more, the
amount of information increases. As a rule, the information is
statistics or some time values.
-d, -details
Output more detailed information.
-l, -loops <COUNT>
Specify maximum number of loops the 'ip address flush' logic will
attempt before giving up. The default is 10. Zero (0) means loop
until all addresses are removed.
-f, -family <FAMILY>
Specifies the protocol family to use. The protocol family identi-
fier can be one of inet, inet6, bridge, mpls or link. If this
option is not present, the protocol family is guessed from other
arguments. If the rest of the command line does not give enough
information to guess the family, ip falls back to the default
one, usually inet or any. link is a special family identifier
meaning that no networking protocol is involved.
-4 shortcut for -family inet.
-6 shortcut for -family inet6.
-B shortcut for -family bridge.
-M shortcut for -family mpls.
-0 shortcut for -family link.
-o, -oneline
output each record on a single line, replacing line feeds with
the '\' character. This is convenient when you want to count
records with wc(1) or to grep(1) the output.
-r, -resolve
use the system's name resolver to print DNS names instead of host
addresses.
-n, -netns <NETNS>
switches ip to the specified network namespace NETNS. Actually
it just simplifies executing of:
ip netns exec NETNS ip [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help }
to
ip -n[etns] NETNS [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help }
-N, -Numeric
Print the number of protocol, scope, dsfield, etc directly in-
stead of converting it to human readable name.
-a, -all
executes specified command over all objects, it depends if com-
mand supports this option.
-c[color][={always|auto|never}
Configure color output. If parameter is omitted or always, color
output is enabled regardless of stdout state. If parameter is
auto, stdout is checked to be a terminal before enabling color
output. If parameter is never, color output is disabled. If spec-
ified multiple times, the last one takes precedence. This flag is
ignored if -json is also given.
Used color palette can be influenced by COLORFGBG environment
variable (see ENVIRONMENT).
-t, -timestamp
display current time when using monitor option.
-ts, -tshort
Like -timestamp, but use shorter format.
-rc, -rcvbuf<SIZE>
Set the netlink socket receive buffer size, defaults to 1MB.
-iec print human readable rates in IEC units (e.g. 1Ki = 1024).
-br, -brief
Print only basic information in a tabular format for better read-
ability. This option is currently only supported by ip addr show
, ip link show & ip neigh show commands.
-j, -json
Output results in JavaScript Object Notation (JSON).
-p, -pretty
The default JSON format is compact and more efficient to parse
but hard for most users to read. This flag adds indentation for
readability.
-echo Request the kernel to send the applied configuration back.
IP - COMMAND SYNTAX
OBJECT
address
- protocol (IP or IPv6) address on a device.
addrlabel
- label configuration for protocol address selection.
fou - Foo-over-UDP receive port configuration.
ila - manage identifier locator addresses (ILA).
ioam - manage IOAM namespaces and IOAM schemas.
l2tp - tunnel ethernet over IP (L2TPv3).
link - network device.
macsec - MACsec device configuration.
maddress
- multicast address.
monitor
- watch for netlink messages.
mptcp - manage MPTCP path manager.
mroute - multicast routing cache entry.
mrule - rule in multicast routing policy database.
neighbour
- manage ARP or NDISC cache entries.
netconf
- network configuration monitoring.
netns - manage network namespaces.
nexthop
- manage nexthop objects.
ntable - manage the neighbor cache's operation.
route - routing table entry.
rule - rule in routing policy database.
sr - manage IPv6 segment routing.
stats - manage and show interface statistics.
tcp_metrics/tcpmetrics
- manage TCP Metrics.
token - manage tokenized interface identifiers.
tunnel - tunnel over IP.
tuntap - manage TUN/TAP devices.
vrf - manage virtual routing and forwarding devices.
xfrm - manage IPSec policies.
The names of all objects may be written in full or abbreviated form, for
example address can be abbreviated as addr or just a.
COMMAND
Specifies the action to perform on the object. The set of possible ac-
tions depends on the object type. As a rule, it is possible to add,
delete and show (or list ) objects, but some objects do not allow all of
these operations or have some additional commands. The help command is
available for all objects. It prints out a list of available commands
and argument syntax conventions.
If no command is given, some default command is assumed. Usually it is
list or, if the objects of this class cannot be listed, help.
ENVIRONMENT
COLORFGBG
If set, it's value is used for detection whether background is
dark or light and use contrast colors for it.
COLORFGBG environment variable usually contains either two or
three values separated by semicolons; we want the last value in
either case. If this value is 0-6 or 8, chose colors suitable
for dark background:
COLORFGBG=";0" ip -c a
EXIT STATUS
Exit status is 0 if command was successful, and 1 if there is a syntax
error. If an error was reported by the kernel exit status is 2.
EXAMPLES
ip addr
Shows addresses assigned to all network interfaces.
ip neigh
Shows the current neighbour table in kernel.
ip link set x up
Bring up interface x.
ip link set x down
Bring down interface x.
ip route
Show table routes.
HISTORY
ip was written by Alexey N. Kuznetsov and added in Linux 2.2.
SEE ALSO
ip-address(8), ip-addrlabel(8), ip-fou(8), ip-ioam(8), ip-l2tp(8), ip-
link(8), ip-macsec(8), ip-maddress(8), ip-monitor(8), ip-mptcp(8), ip-
mroute(8), ip-neighbour(8), ip-netconf(8), ip-netns(8), ip-nexthop(8),
ip-ntable(8), ip-route(8), ip-rule(8), ip-sr(8), ip-stats(8), ip-
tcp_metrics(8), ip-token(8), ip-tunnel(8), ip-vrf(8), ip-xfrm(8)
IP Command reference ip-cref.ps
REPORTING BUGS
Report any bugs to the Network Developers mailing list <netdev@vger.ker-
nel.org> where the development and maintenance is primarily done. You
do not have to be subscribed to the list to send a message there.
AUTHOR
Original Manpage by Michail Litvak <mci@owl.openwall.com>
iproute2 20 Dec 2011 IP(8)
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