FONTS-CONF(5) FONTS-CONF(5)
NAME
fonts.conf - Font configuration files
SYNOPSIS
/etc/fonts/fonts.conf
/etc/fonts/fonts.dtd
/etc/fonts/conf.d
$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/conf.d
$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/fonts.conf
~/.fonts.conf.d
~/.fonts.conf
DESCRIPTION
Fontconfig is a library designed to provide system-wide font configura-
tion, customization and application access.
FUNCTIONAL OVERVIEW
Fontconfig contains two essential modules, the configuration module
which builds an internal configuration from XML files and the matching
module which accepts font patterns and returns the nearest matching
font.
FONT CONFIGURATION
The configuration module consists of the FcConfig datatype, libexpat and
FcConfigParse which walks over an XML tree and amends a configuration
with data found within. From an external perspective, configuration of
the library consists of generating a valid XML tree and feeding that to
FcConfigParse. The only other mechanism provided to applications for
changing the running configuration is to add fonts and directories to
the list of application-provided font files.
The intent is to make font configurations relatively static, and shared
by as many applications as possible. It is hoped that this will lead to
more stable font selection when passing names from one application to
another. XML was chosen as a configuration file format because it pro-
vides a format which is easy for external agents to edit while retaining
the correct structure and syntax.
Font configuration is separate from font matching; applications needing
to do their own matching can access the available fonts from the library
and perform private matching. The intent is to permit applications to
pick and choose appropriate functionality from the library instead of
forcing them to choose between this library and a private configuration
mechanism. The hope is that this will ensure that configuration of fonts
for all applications can be centralized in one place. Centralizing font
configuration will simplify and regularize font installation and cus-
tomization.
FONT PROPERTIES
While font patterns may contain essentially any properties, there are
some well known properties with associated types. Fontconfig uses some
of these properties for font matching and font completion. Others are
provided as a convenience for the applications' rendering mechanism.
Property Type Description
--------------------------------------------------------------
family String Font family names
familylang String Languages corresponding to each family
style String Font style. Overrides weight and slant
stylelang String Languages corresponding to each style
fullname String Font full names (often includes style)
fullnamelang String Languages corresponding to each fullname
slant Int Italic, oblique or roman
weight Int Light, medium, demibold, bold or black
width Int Condensed, normal or expanded
size Double Point size
aspect Double Stretches glyphs horizontally before hinting
pixelsize Double Pixel size
spacing Int Proportional, dual-width, monospace or charcell
foundry String Font foundry name
antialias Bool Whether glyphs can be antialiased
hintstyle Int Automatic hinting style
hinting Bool Whether the rasterizer should use hinting
verticallayout Bool Use vertical layout
autohint Bool Use autohinter instead of normal hinter
globaladvance Bool Use font global advance data (deprecated)
file String The filename holding the font
index Int The index of the font within the file
ftface FT_Face Use the specified FreeType face object
rasterizer String Which rasterizer is in use (deprecated)
outline Bool Whether the glyphs are outlines
scalable Bool Whether the glyphs are outlines or have color
dpi Double Target dots per inch
rgba Int unknown, rgb, bgr, vrgb, vbgr,
none - subpixel geometry
scale Double Scale factor for point->pixel conversions
(deprecated)
minspace Bool Eliminate leading from line spacing
charset CharSet Unicode chars encoded by the font
lang String List of RFC-3066-style languages this
font supports
fontversion Int Version number of the font
capability String List of layout capabilities in the font
fontformat String String name of the font format
embolden Bool Rasterizer should synthetically embolden the font
embeddedbitmap Bool Use the embedded bitmap instead of the outline
decorative Bool Whether the style is a decorative variant
lcdfilter Int Type of LCD filter
namelang String Language name to be used for the default value of
familylang, stylelang, and fullnamelang
fontfeatures String List of the feature tags in OpenType to be enabled
prgname String String Name of the running program
postscriptname String Font family name in PostScript
color Bool Whether any glyphs have color
symbol Bool Whether font uses MS symbol-font encoding
fontvariations String comma-separated string of axes in variable font
variable Bool Wheter font is Variable Font
fonthashint Bool Whether the font has hinting
order Int Order number of the font
desktop String Current desktop name
namedinstance Bool Whether font is a named instance
fontwarapper String The font wrapper format, current values are WOFF, WOFF2,
SFNT for any other SFNT font, and CFF for standalone
CFF fonts.
FONT MATCHING
Fontconfig performs matching by measuring the distance from a provided
pattern to all of the available fonts in the system. The closest match-
ing font is selected. This ensures that a font will always be returned,
but doesn't ensure that it is anything like the requested pattern.
Font matching starts with an application constructed pattern. The de-
sired attributes of the resulting font are collected together in a pat-
tern. Each property of the pattern can contain one or more values; these
are listed in priority order; matches earlier in the list are considered
"closer" than matches later in the list.
The initial pattern is modified by applying the list of editing instruc-
tions specific to patterns found in the configuration; each consists of
a match predicate and a set of editing operations. They are executed in
the order they appeared in the configuration. Each match causes the as-
sociated sequence of editing operations to be applied.
After the pattern has been edited, a sequence of default substitutions
are performed to canonicalize the set of available properties; this
avoids the need for the lower layers to constantly provide default val-
ues for various font properties during rendering.
The canonical font pattern is finally matched against all available
fonts. The distance from the pattern to the font is measured for each
of several properties: foundry, charset, family, lang, spacing, pixel-
size, style, slant, weight, antialias, rasterizer and outline. This list
is in priority order -- results of comparing earlier elements of this
list weigh more heavily than later elements.
There is one special case to this rule; family names are split into two
bindings; strong and weak. Strong family names are given greater prece-
dence in the match than lang elements while weak family names are given
lower precedence than lang elements. This permits the document language
to drive font selection when any document specified font is unavailable.
The pattern representing that font is augmented to include any proper-
ties found in the pattern but not found in the font itself; this permits
the application to pass rendering instructions or any other data through
the matching system. Finally, the list of editing instructions specific
to fonts found in the configuration are applied to the pattern. This
modified pattern is returned to the application.
The return value contains sufficient information to locate and rasterize
the font, including the file name, pixel size and other rendering data.
As none of the information involved pertains to the FreeType library,
applications are free to use any rasterization engine or even to take
the identified font file and access it directly.
The match/edit sequences in the configuration are performed in two
passes because there are essentially two different operations necessary
-- the first is to modify how fonts are selected; aliasing families and
adding suitable defaults. The second is to modify how the selected fonts
are rasterized. Those must apply to the selected font, not the original
pattern as false matches will often occur.
FONT NAMES
Fontconfig provides a textual representation for patterns that the li-
brary can both accept and generate. The representation is in three
parts, first a list of family names, second a list of point sizes and
finally a list of additional properties:
<families>-<point sizes>:<name1>=<values1>:<name2>=<values2>...
Values in a list are separated with commas. The name needn't include ei-
ther families or point sizes; they can be elided. In addition, there are
symbolic constants that simultaneously indicate both a name and a value.
Here are some examples:
Name Meaning
----------------------------------------------------------
Times-12 12 point Times Roman
Times-12:bold 12 point Times Bold
Courier:italic Courier Italic in the default size
Monospace:matrix=1 .1 0 1 The users preferred monospace font
with artificial obliquing
The '\', '-', ':' and ',' characters in family names must be preceded by
a '\' character to avoid having them misinterpreted. Similarly, values
containing '\', '=', '_', ':' and ',' must also have them preceded by a
'\' character. The '\' characters are stripped out of the family name
and values as the font name is read.
DEBUGGING APPLICATIONS
To help diagnose font and applications problems, fontconfig is built
with a large amount of internal debugging left enabled. It is controlled
by means of the FC_DEBUG environment variable. The value of this vari-
able is interpreted as a number, and each bit within that value controls
different debugging messages.
Name Value Meaning
---------------------------------------------------------
MATCH 1 Brief information about font matching
MATCHV 2 Extensive font matching information
EDIT 4 Monitor match/test/edit execution
FONTSET 8 Track loading of font information at startup
CACHE 16 Watch cache files being written
CACHEV 32 Extensive cache file writing information
PARSE 64 (no longer in use)
SCAN 128 Watch font files being scanned to build caches
SCANV 256 Verbose font file scanning information
MEMORY 512 Monitor fontconfig memory usage
CONFIG 1024 Monitor which config files are loaded
LANGSET 2048 Dump char sets used to construct lang values
MATCH2 4096 Display font-matching transformation in patterns
Add the value of the desired debug levels together and assign that (in
base 10) to the FC_DEBUG environment variable before running the appli-
cation. Output from these statements is sent to stdout.
LANG TAGS
Each font in the database contains a list of languages it supports. This
is computed by comparing the Unicode coverage of the font with the or-
thography of each language. Languages are tagged using an RFC-3066 com-
patible naming and occur in two parts -- the ISO 639 language tag fol-
lowed a hyphen and then by the ISO 3166 country code. The hyphen and
country code may be elided.
Fontconfig has orthographies for several languages built into the li-
brary. No provision has been made for adding new ones aside from re-
building the library. It currently supports 122 of the 139 languages
named in ISO 639-1, 141 of the languages with two-letter codes from ISO
639-2 and another 30 languages with only three-letter codes. Languages
with both two and three letter codes are provided with only the two let-
ter code.
For languages used in multiple territories with radically different
character sets, fontconfig includes per-territory orthographies. This
includes Azerbaijani, Kurdish, Pashto, Tigrinya and Chinese.
CONFIGURATION FILE FORMAT
Configuration files for fontconfig are stored in XML format; this format
makes external configuration tools easier to write and ensures that they
will generate syntactically correct configuration files. As XML files
are plain text, they can also be manipulated by the expert user using a
text editor.
The fontconfig document type definition resides in the external entity
"fonts.dtd"; this is normally stored in the default font configuration
directory (/etc/fonts). Each configuration file should contain the fol-
lowing structure:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "urn:fontconfig:fonts.dtd">
<fontconfig>
...
</fontconfig>
<FONTCONFIG>
This is the top level element for a font configuration and can contain
<dir>, <cachedir>, <include>, <match> and <alias> elements in any order.
<DIR PREFIX="DEFAULT" SALT="">
This element contains a directory name which will be scanned for font
files to include in the set of available fonts.
If 'prefix' is set to "default" or "cwd", the current working directory
will be added as the path prefix prior to the value. If 'prefix' is set
to "xdg", the value in the XDG_DATA_HOME environment variable will be
added as the path prefix. please see XDG Base Directory Specification
for more details. If 'prefix' is set to "relative", the path of current
file will be added prior to the value.
'salt' property affects to determine cache filename. this is useful for
example when having different fonts sets on same path at container and
share fonts from host on different font path.
<CACHEDIR PREFIX="DEFAULT">
This element contains a directory name that is supposed to be stored or
read the cache of font information. If multiple elements are specified
in the configuration file, the directory that can be accessed first in
the list will be used to store the cache files. If it starts with '~',
it refers to a directory in the users home directory. If 'prefix' is set
to "xdg", the value in the XDG_CACHE_HOME environment variable will be
added as the path prefix. please see XDG Base Directory Specification
for more details. The default directory is ``$XDG_CACHE_HOME/fontcon-
fig'' and it contains the cache files named ``<hash value>-<architec-
ture>.cache-<version>'', where <version> is the fontconfig cache file
version number (currently 8).
<INCLUDE IGNORE_MISSING="NO" PREFIX="DEFAULT">
This element contains the name of an additional configuration file or
directory. If a directory, every file within that directory starting
with an ASCII digit (U+0030 - U+0039) and ending with the string
``.conf'' will be processed in sorted order. When the XML datatype is
traversed by FcConfigParse, the contents of the file(s) will also be in-
corporated into the configuration by passing the filename(s) to Fc-
ConfigLoadAndParse. If 'ignore_missing' is set to "yes" instead of the
default "no", a missing file or directory will elicit no warning message
from the library. If 'prefix' is set to "xdg", the value in the XDG_CON-
FIG_HOME environment variable will be added as the path prefix. please
see XDG Base Directory Specification for more details.
<CONFIG>
This element provides a place to consolidate additional configuration
information. <config> can contain <blank> and <rescan> elements in any
order.
<DESCRIPTION DOMAIN="FONTCONFIG-CONF">
This element is supposed to hold strings which describe what a config is
used for. This string can be translated through gettext. 'domain' needs
to be set the proper name to apply then. fontconfig will tries to re-
trieve translations with 'domain' from gettext.
<BLANK>
Fonts often include "broken" glyphs which appear in the encoding but are
drawn as blanks on the screen. Within the <blank> element, place each
Unicode characters which is supposed to be blank in an <int> element.
Characters outside of this set which are drawn as blank will be elided
from the set of characters supported by the font.
<REMAP-DIR PREFIX="DEFAULT" AS-PATH="" SALT="">
This element contains a directory name where will be mapped as the path
'as-path' in cached information. This is useful if the directory name
is an alias (via a bind mount or symlink) to another directory in the
system for which cached font information is likely to exist.
'salt' property affects to determine cache filename as same as <dir> el-
ement.
<RESET-DIRS />
This element removes all of fonts directories where added by <dir> ele-
ments. This is useful to override fonts directories from system to own
fonts directories only.
<RESCAN>
The <rescan> element holds an <int> element which indicates the default
interval between automatic checks for font configuration changes. Font-
config will validate all of the configuration files and directories and
automatically rebuild the internal datastructures when this interval
passes.
<SELECTFONT>
This element is used to deny/allow list fonts from being listed or
matched against. It holds acceptfont and rejectfont elements. This list
is applied only once when caches is loaded. So if you want to filter out
by some patterns, patterns is evaluated with something in cache only.
In other words, target patterns except "scan" won't takes any effects.
<ACCEPTFONT>
Fonts matched by an acceptfont element are "allowlisted"; such fonts are
explicitly included in the set of fonts used to resolve list and match
requests; including them in this list protects them from being
"denylisted" by a rejectfont element. Acceptfont elements include glob
and pattern elements which are used to match fonts.
<REJECTFONT>
Fonts matched by an rejectfont element are "denylisted"; such fonts are
excluded from the set of fonts used to resolve list and match requests
as if they didn't exist in the system. Rejectfont elements include glob
and pattern elements which are used to match fonts.
<GLOB>
Glob elements hold shell-style filename matching patterns (including ?
and *) which match fonts based on their complete pathnames. If it starts
with '~', it refers to a directory in the users home directory. This can
be used to exclude a set of directories (/usr/share/fonts/uglyfont*), or
particular font file types (*.pcf.gz), but the latter mechanism relies
rather heavily on filenaming conventions which can't be relied upon.
Note that globs only apply to directories, not to individual fonts.
<PATTERN>
Pattern elements perform list-style matching on incoming fonts; that is,
they hold a list of elements and associated values. If all of those ele-
ments have a matching value, then the pattern matches the font. This can
be used to select fonts based on attributes of the font (scalable, bold,
etc), which is a more reliable mechanism than using file extensions.
Pattern elements include patelt elements.
<PATELT NAME="PROPERTY">
Patelt elements hold a single pattern element and list of values. They
must have a 'name' attribute which indicates the pattern element name.
Patelt elements include int, double, string, matrix, bool, charset and
const elements.
<MATCH TARGET="PATTERN">
This element holds first a (possibly empty) list of <test> elements and
then a (possibly empty) list of <edit> elements. Patterns which match
all of the tests are subjected to all the edits. If 'target' is set to
"font" instead of the default "pattern", then this element applies to
the font name resulting from a match rather than a font pattern to be
matched. If 'target' is set to "scan", then this element applies when
the font is scanned to build the fontconfig database.
<TEST QUAL="ANY" NAME="PROPERTY" TARGET="DEFAULT" COMPARE="EQ">
This element contains a single value which is compared with the target
('pattern', 'font', 'scan' or 'default') property "property" (substitute
any of the property names seen above). 'compare' can be one of "eq",
"not_eq", "less", "less_eq", "more", "more_eq", "contains" or "not_con-
tains". 'qual' may either be the default, "any", in which case the match
succeeds if any value associated with the property matches the test
value, or "all", in which case all of the values associated with the
property must match the test value. 'ignore-blanks' takes a boolean
value. if 'ignore-blanks' is set "true", any blanks in the string will
be ignored on its comparison. this takes effects only when compare="eq"
or compare="not_eq". When used in a <match target="font"> element, the
target= attribute in the <test> element selects between matching the
original pattern or the font. "default" selects whichever target the
outer <match> element has selected.
<EDIT NAME="PROPERTY" MODE="ASSIGN" BINDING="WEAK">
This element contains a list of expression elements (any of the value or
operator elements). The expression elements are evaluated at run-time
and modify the property "property". The modification depends on whether
"property" was matched by one of the associated <test> elements, if so,
the modification may affect the first matched value. Any values inserted
into the property are given the indicated binding ("strong", "weak" or
"same") with "same" binding using the value from the matched pattern el-
ement. 'mode' is one of:
Mode With Match Without Match
---------------------------------------------------------------------
"assign" Replace matching value Replace all values
"assign_replace" Replace all values Replace all values
"prepend" Insert before matching Insert at head of list
"prepend_first" Insert at head of list Insert at head of list
"append" Append after matching Append at end of list
"append_last" Append at end of list Append at end of list
"delete" Delete matching value Delete all values
"delete_all" Delete all values Delete all values
<INT>, <DOUBLE>, <STRING>, <BOOL>
These elements hold a single value of the indicated type. <bool> ele-
ments hold either true or false. An important limitation exists in the
parsing of floating point numbers -- fontconfig requires that the man-
tissa start with a digit, not a decimal point, so insert a leading zero
for purely fractional values (e.g. use 0.5 instead of .5 and -0.5 in-
stead of -.5).
<MATRIX>
This element holds four numerical expressions of an affine transforma-
tion. At their simplest these will be four <double> elements but they
can also be more involved expressions.
<RANGE>
This element holds the two <int> elements of a range representation.
<CHARSET>
This element holds at least one <int> element of an Unicode code point
or more.
<LANGSET>
This element holds at least one <string> element of a RFC-3066-style
languages or more.
<NAME>
Holds a property name. Evaluates to the first value from the property of
the pattern. If the 'target' attribute is not present, it will default
to 'default', in which case the property is returned from the font pat-
tern during a target="font" match, and to the pattern during a tar-
get="pattern" match. The attribute can also take the values 'font' or
'pattern' to explicitly choose which pattern to use. It is an error to
use a target of 'font' in a match that has target="pattern".
<CONST>
Holds the name of a constant; these are always integers and serve as
symbolic names for common font values:
Constant Property Value
-------------------------------------
thin weight 0
extralight weight 40
ultralight weight 40
light weight 50
demilight weight 55
semilight weight 55
book weight 75
regular weight 80
normal weight 80
medium weight 100
demibold weight 180
semibold weight 180
bold weight 200
extrabold weight 205
ultrabold weight 205
black weight 210
heavy weight 210
extrablack weight 215
ultrablack weight 215
roman slant 0
italic slant 100
oblique slant 110
ultracondensed width 50
extracondensed width 63
condensed width 75
semicondensed width 87
normal width 100
semiexpanded width 113
expanded width 125
extraexpanded width 150
ultraexpanded width 200
proportional spacing 0
dual spacing 90
mono spacing 100
charcell spacing 110
unknown rgba 0
rgb rgba 1
bgr rgba 2
vrgb rgba 3
vbgr rgba 4
none rgba 5
lcdnone lcdfilter 0
lcddefault lcdfilter 1
lcdlight lcdfilter 2
lcdlegacy lcdfilter 3
hintnone hintstyle 0
hintslight hintstyle 1
hintmedium hintstyle 2
hintfull hintstyle 3
<OR>, <AND>, <PLUS>, <MINUS>, <TIMES>, <DIVIDE>
These elements perform the specified operation on a list of expression
elements. <or> and <and> are boolean, not bitwise.
<EQ>, <NOT_EQ>, <LESS>, <LESS_EQ>, <MORE>, <MORE_EQ>, <CONTAINS>, <NOT_CON-
TAINS
These elements compare two values, producing a boolean result.
<NOT>
Inverts the boolean sense of its one expression element
<IF>
This element takes three expression elements; if the value of the first
is true, it produces the value of the second, otherwise it produces the
value of the third.
<ALIAS>
Alias elements provide a shorthand notation for the set of common match
operations needed to substitute one font family for another. They con-
tain a <family> element followed by optional <prefer>, <accept> and <de-
fault> elements. Fonts matching the <family> element are edited to
prepend the list of <prefer>ed families before the matching <family>,
append the <accept>able families after the matching <family> and append
the <default> families to the end of the family list.
<FAMILY>
Holds a single font family name
<PREFER>, <ACCEPT>, <DEFAULT>
These hold a list of <family> elements to be used by the <alias> ele-
ment.
EXAMPLE CONFIGURATION FILE
SYSTEM CONFIGURATION FILE
This is an example of a system-wide configuration file
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "urn:fontconfig:fonts.dtd">
<!-- /etc/fonts/fonts.conf file to configure system font access -->
<fontconfig>
<!--
Find fonts in these directories
-->
<dir>/usr/share/fonts</dir>
<dir>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts</dir>
<!--
Accept deprecated 'mono' alias, replacing it with 'monospace'
-->
<match target="pattern">
<test qual="any" name="family">
<string>mono</string>
</test>
<edit name="family" mode="assign">
<string>monospace</string>
</edit>
</match>
<!--
Names not including any well known alias are given 'sans-serif'
-->
<match target="pattern">
<test qual="all" name="family" compare="not_eq">
<string>sans-serif</string>
</test>
<test qual="all" name="family" compare="not_eq">
<string>serif</string>
</test>
<test qual="all" name="family" compare="not_eq">
<string>monospace</string>
</test>
<edit name="family" mode="append_last">
<string>sans-serif</string>
</edit>
</match>
<!--
Load per-user customization file, but don't complain
if it doesn't exist
-->
<include ignore_missing="yes" prefix="xdg">
fontconfig/fonts.conf
</include>
<!--
Load local customization files, but don't complain
if there aren't any
-->
<include ignore_missing="yes">conf.d</include>
<include ignore_missing="yes">local.conf</include>
<!--
Alias well known font names to available TrueType fonts.
These substitute TrueType faces for similar Type1
faces to improve screen appearance.
-->
<alias>
<family>Times</family>
<prefer>
<family>Times New Roman</family>
</prefer>
<default>
<family>serif</family>
</default>
</alias>
<alias>
<family>Helvetica</family>
<prefer>
<family>Arial</family>
</prefer>
<default>
<family>sans</family>
</default>
</alias>
<alias>
<family>Courier</family>
<prefer>
<family>Courier New</family>
</prefer>
<default>
<family>monospace</family>
</default>
</alias>
<!--
Provide required aliases for standard names
Do these after the users configuration file so that
any aliases there are used preferentially
-->
<alias>
<family>serif</family>
<prefer>
<family>Times New Roman</family>
</prefer>
</alias>
<alias>
<family>sans</family>
<prefer>
<family>Arial</family>
</prefer>
</alias>
<alias>
<family>monospace</family>
<prefer>
<family>Andale Mono</family>
</prefer>
</alias>
<--
The example of the requirements of OR operator;
If the 'family' contains 'Courier New' OR 'Courier'
add 'monospace' as the alternative
-->
<match target="pattern">
<test name="family" compare="eq">
<string>Courier New</string>
</test>
<edit name="family" mode="prepend">
<string>monospace</string>
</edit>
</match>
<match target="pattern">
<test name="family" compare="eq">
<string>Courier</string>
</test>
<edit name="family" mode="prepend">
<string>monospace</string>
</edit>
</match>
</fontconfig>
USER CONFIGURATION FILE
This is an example of a per-user configuration file that lives in
$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/fonts.conf
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "urn:fontconfig:fonts.dtd">
<!--
$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/fonts.conf for per-user font configuration
-->
<fontconfig>
<!--
Private font directory
-->
<dir prefix="xdg">fonts</dir>
<!--
use rgb sub-pixel ordering to improve glyph appearance on
LCD screens. Changes affecting rendering, but not matching
should always use target="font".
-->
<match target="font">
<edit name="rgba" mode="assign">
<const>rgb</const>
</edit>
</match>
<!--
use WenQuanYi Zen Hei font when serif is requested for Chinese
-->
<match>
<!--
If you don't want to use WenQuanYi Zen Hei font for zh-tw etc,
you can use zh-cn instead of zh.
Please note, even if you set zh-cn, it still matches zh.
if you don't like it, you can use compare="eq"
instead of compare="contains".
-->
<test name="lang" compare="contains">
<string>zh</string>
</test>
<test name="family">
<string>serif</string>
</test>
<edit name="family" mode="prepend">
<string>WenQuanYi Zen Hei</string>
</edit>
</match>
<!--
use VL Gothic font when sans-serif is requested for Japanese
-->
<match>
<test name="lang" compare="contains">
<string>ja</string>
</test>
<test name="family">
<string>sans-serif</string>
</test>
<edit name="family" mode="prepend">
<string>VL Gothic</string>
</edit>
</match>
</fontconfig>
FILES
fonts.conf contains configuration information for the fontconfig library
consisting of directories to look at for font information as well as in-
structions on editing program specified font patterns before attempting
to match the available fonts. It is in XML format.
conf.d is the conventional name for a directory of additional configura-
tion files managed by external applications or the local administrator.
The filenames starting with decimal digits are sorted in lexicographic
order and used as additional configuration files. All of these files are
in XML format. The master fonts.conf file references this directory in
an <include> directive.
fonts.dtd is a DTD that describes the format of the configuration files.
$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/conf.d and ~/.fonts.conf.d is the conven-
tional name for a per-user directory of (typically auto-generated) con-
figuration files, although the actual location is specified in the
global fonts.conf file. please note that ~/.fonts.conf.d is deprecated
now. it will not be read by default in the future version.
$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/fontconfig/fonts.conf and ~/.fonts.conf is the conven-
tional location for per-user font configuration, although the actual lo-
cation is specified in the global fonts.conf file. please note that
~/.fonts.conf is deprecated now. it will not be read by default in the
future version.
$XDG_CACHE_HOME/fontconfig/*.cache-* and ~/.fontconfig/*.cache-* is the
conventional repository of font information that isn't found in the per-
directory caches. This file is automatically maintained by fontconfig.
please note that ~/.fontconfig/*.cache-* is deprecated now. it will not
be read by default in the future version.
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
FONTCONFIG_FILE is used to override the default configuration file.
FONTCONFIG_PATH is used to override the default configuration directory.
FONTCONFIG_SYSROOT is used to set a default sysroot directory.
FC_DEBUG is used to output the detailed debugging messages. see Debug-
ging Applications section for more details.
FC_DBG_MATCH_FILTER is used to filter out the patterns. this takes a
comma-separated list of object names and effects only when FC_DEBUG has
MATCH2. see Debugging Applications section for more details.
FC_LANG is used to specify the default language as the weak binding in
the query. if this isn't set, the default language will be determined
from current locale.
FONTCONFIG_USE_MMAP is used to control the use of mmap(2) for the cache
files if available. this take a boolean value. fontconfig will checks if
the cache files are stored on the filesystem that is safe to use
mmap(2). explicitly setting this environment variable will causes skip-
ping this check and enforce to use or not use mmap(2) anyway.
SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH is used to ensure fc-cache(1) generates files in a de-
terministic manner in order to support reproducible builds. When set to
a numeric representation of UNIX timestamp, fontconfig will prefer this
value over using the modification timestamps of the input files in order
to identify which cache files require regeneration. If SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH
is not set (or is newer than the mtime of the directory), the existing
behaviour is unchanged.
SEE ALSO
fc-cat(1), fc-cache(1), fc-list(1), fc-match(1), fc-query(1),
SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH <URL:https://reproducible-builds.org/specs/source-
date-epoch/>.
VERSION
Fontconfig version 2.15.0
22 12月 2023 FONTS-CONF(5)
Generated by dwww version 1.16 on Tue Dec 16 07:10:16 CET 2025.