ADDR2LINE(1) GNU Development Tools ADDR2LINE(1)
NAME
addr2line - convert addresses or symbol+offset into file names and line
numbers
SYNOPSIS
addr2line [-a|--addresses]
[-b bfdname|--target=bfdname]
[-C|--demangle[=style]]
[-r|--no-recurse-limit]
[-R|--recurse-limit]
[-e filename|--exe=filename]
[-f|--functions] [-s|--basename]
[-i|--inlines]
[-p|--pretty-print]
[-j|--section=name]
[-H|--help] [-V|--version]
[addr addr ...]
DESCRIPTION
addr2line translates addresses or symbol+offset into file names and line
numbers. Given an address or symbol+offset in an executable or an
offset in a section of a relocatable object, it uses the debugging
information to figure out which file name and line number are associated
with it.
The executable or relocatable object to use is specified with the -e
option. The default is the file a.out. The section in the relocatable
object to use is specified with the -j option.
addr2line has two modes of operation.
In the first, hexadecimal addresses or symbol+offset are specified on
the command line, and addr2line displays the file name and line number
for each address.
In the second, addr2line reads hexadecimal addresses or symbol+offset
from standard input, and prints the file name and line number for each
address on standard output. In this mode, addr2line may be used in a
pipe to convert dynamically chosen addresses.
The format of the output is FILENAME:LINENO. By default each input
address generates one line of output.
Two options can generate additional lines before each FILENAME:LINENO
line (in that order).
If the -a option is used then a line with the input address is
displayed.
If the -f option is used, then a line with the FUNCTIONNAME is
displayed. This is the name of the function containing the address.
One option can generate additional lines after the FILENAME:LINENO line.
If the -i option is used and the code at the given address is present
there because of inlining by the compiler then additional lines are
displayed afterwards. One or two extra lines (if the -f option is used)
are displayed for each inlined function.
Alternatively if the -p option is used then each input address generates
a single, long, output line containing the address, the function name,
the file name and the line number. If the -i option has also been used
then any inlined functions will be displayed in the same manner, but on
separate lines, and prefixed by the text (inlined by).
If the file name or function name can not be determined, addr2line will
print two question marks in their place. If the line number can not be
determined, addr2line will print 0.
When symbol+offset is used, +offset is optional, except when the symbol
is ambigious with a hex number. The resolved symbols can be mangled or
unmangled, except unmangled symbols with + are not allowed.
OPTIONS
The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are
equivalent.
-a
--addresses
Display the address before the function name, file and line number
information. The address is printed with a 0x prefix to easily
identify it.
-b bfdname
--target=bfdname
Specify that the object-code format for the object files is bfdname.
-C
--demangle[=style]
Decode (demangle) low-level symbol names into user-level names.
Besides removing any initial underscore prepended by the system,
this makes C++ function names readable. Different compilers have
different mangling styles. The optional demangling style argument
can be used to choose an appropriate demangling style for your
compiler.
-e filename
--exe=filename
Specify the name of the executable for which addresses should be
translated. The default file is a.out.
-f
--functions
Display function names as well as file and line number information.
-s
--basenames
Display only the base of each file name.
-i
--inlines
If the address belongs to a function that was inlined, the source
information for all enclosing scopes back to the first non-inlined
function will also be printed. For example, if "main" inlines
"callee1" which inlines "callee2", and address is from "callee2",
the source information for "callee1" and "main" will also be
printed.
-j
--section
Read offsets relative to the specified section instead of absolute
addresses.
-p
--pretty-print
Make the output more human friendly: each location are printed on
one line. If option -i is specified, lines for all enclosing scopes
are prefixed with (inlined by).
-r
-R
--recurse-limit
--no-recurse-limit
--recursion-limit
--no-recursion-limit
Enables or disables a limit on the amount of recursion performed
whilst demangling strings. Since the name mangling formats allow
for an infinite level of recursion it is possible to create strings
whose decoding will exhaust the amount of stack space available on
the host machine, triggering a memory fault. The limit tries to
prevent this from happening by restricting recursion to 2048 levels
of nesting.
The default is for this limit to be enabled, but disabling it may be
necessary in order to demangle truly complicated names. Note
however that if the recursion limit is disabled then stack
exhaustion is possible and any bug reports about such an event will
be rejected.
The -r option is a synonym for the --no-recurse-limit option. The
-R option is a synonym for the --recurse-limit option.
Note this option is only effective if the -C or --demangle option
has been enabled.
@file
Read command-line options from file. The options read are inserted
in place of the original @file option. If file does not exist, or
cannot be read, then the option will be treated literally, and not
removed.
Options in file are separated by whitespace. A whitespace character
may be included in an option by surrounding the entire option in
either single or double quotes. Any character (including a
backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be included
with a backslash. The file may itself contain additional @file
options; any such options will be processed recursively.
SEE ALSO
Info entries for binutils.
COPYRIGHT
Copyright (c) 1991-2025 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover
Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
Free Documentation License".
binutils-2.44 2025-03-03 ADDR2LINE(1)
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